{Equations}

(Open Calc) Burns: Parkland Formula

Rule:
Adults: (4 mL) x (Body Wt in kg) x (% BSA burned) = Total Fluids for 24 hrs
Children: (3 mL) x (Body Wt in kg) x (% BSA burned) = Total Fluids for 24 hrs

BSA burned: Affected body surface area
Adult patient (Open Calc)
Pediatric patient (Open Calc)

Application:

1. 50% over first 8 hrs (from time of burn), crystalloid solution
2. Give the rest over next 16 hrs, consider using colloid fluids for this volume
3. In children: 20 mL/kg boluses until stable, then 3-4 mL/kg/% BSA burned over 24 hrs
4. Adjust fluid volume to maintain adequate urine output
   • Children: 1 mL/kg/hr
   • Adults: 50-75 mL/hr

References

1. Baxter CR. Fluid volume and electrolyte changes of the early postburn period. Indian J Plast Surg. Sept 2010;43(Suppl):S29–S36
2. Haberal M, Abali AES, Karakayali H. Fluid Management in Major Burn Injuries. Indian J of Plastic Surgery, 2010; S29-S36
3. Care of Burns in Scottland (COBIS). Fluid Resuscitation of Burns: Paediatric (Guideline Update July 2012): Available online at http://www.cobis.scot.nhs.uk/pdf/Paediatric/Fluid%20Resuscitation.pdf. [Accessed June 2013]
4. Mitra B, Fitzgerald M, et al. Fluid resuscitation in major burns. ANZ J Surg. Jan-Feb 2006;76(1-2):35-8

Updated: February 2022